https://so.v2.cs.unibo.it/wiki/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Fork_vs_exec
Fork vs exec - Revision history
2026-04-26T09:23:04Z
Revision history for this page on the wiki
MediaWiki 1.35.5
https://so.v2.cs.unibo.it/wiki/index.php?title=Fork_vs_exec&diff=3097&oldid=prev
Renzo at 17:04, 11 November 2025
2025-11-11T17:04:23Z
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 17:04, 11 November 2025</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l1" >Line 1:</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">--- </del>FORK <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">---</del></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">=== </ins>FORK <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">===</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><pre></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><pre></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>+------------------------------------+-----------+----------------------------------------------+</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>+------------------------------------+-----------+----------------------------------------------+</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">--- </del>EXECVE <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">---</del></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">=== </ins>EXECVE <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">===</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><pre></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><pre></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>+-------------------------------------------+--------------+-------------------------------------------------------------+</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>+-------------------------------------------+--------------+-------------------------------------------------------------+</div></td></tr>
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Renzo
https://so.v2.cs.unibo.it/wiki/index.php?title=Fork_vs_exec&diff=3096&oldid=prev
Renzo at 17:03, 11 November 2025
2025-11-11T17:03:40Z
<p></p>
<table class="diff diff-contentalign-left diff-editfont-monospace" data-mw="interface">
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 17:03, 11 November 2025</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l1" >Line 1:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 1:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>FORK</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">--- </ins>FORK <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">---</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><pre></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><pre></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>+------------------------------------+-----------+----------------------------------------------+</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>+------------------------------------+-----------+----------------------------------------------+</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l40" >Line 40:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 40:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div></pre></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div></pre></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>EXECVE</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">--- </ins>EXECVE <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">---</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><pre></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><pre></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>+-------------------------------------------+--------------+-------------------------------------------------------------+</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>+-------------------------------------------+--------------+-------------------------------------------------------------+</div></td></tr>
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Renzo
https://so.v2.cs.unibo.it/wiki/index.php?title=Fork_vs_exec&diff=3095&oldid=prev
Renzo: Created page with "FORK <pre> +------------------------------------+-----------+----------------------------------------------+ | Categoria | Ereditato | Dettagli..."
2025-11-11T17:02:45Z
<p>Created page with "FORK <pre> +------------------------------------+-----------+----------------------------------------------+ | Categoria | Ereditato | Dettagli..."</p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>FORK<br />
<pre><br />
+------------------------------------+-----------+----------------------------------------------+<br />
| Categoria | Ereditato | Dettagli |<br />
+------------------------------------+-----------+----------------------------------------------+<br />
| Spazio di memoria (code, dati) | Sì | Copiato (copy-on-write) |<br />
| Registri CPU | Sì | Copiati, tranne valore di ritorno di fork() |<br />
| File descriptor aperti | Sì | Stessi oggetti kernel, stesso offset |<br />
| File offset | Sì | Condiviso tra padre e figlio |<br />
| File status flags (O_APPEND, ecc.) | Sì | Condivisi |<br />
| UID, GID, EUID, EGID | Sì | Copiati |<br />
| Directory corrente / root | Sì | Copiate |<br />
| Maschera umask | Sì | Copiata |<br />
| Segnali bloccati / maschera segn. | Sì | Copiata (ma segnali pendenti esclusi) |<br />
| Handler dei segnali | Sì | Copiati |<br />
| Memory mapping (mmap) | Sì | MAP_PRIVATE copiati, MAP_SHARED condivisi |<br />
| Pipe, socket, FIFO | Sì | Stesso endpoint kernel |<br />
| flock() locks | Parziale | Condivisi finché entrambi tengono il file |<br />
| Variabili d’ambiente | Sì | Copiate |<br />
| argv / envp | Sì | Copiati |<br />
| Process group / sessione | Sì | Copiati |<br />
| File locks fcntl() | Parziale | Associati al processo, validi finché no exec |<br />
+------------------------------------+-----------+----------------------------------------------+<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
Cosa non viene ereditato<br />
<pre><br />
+------------------------------------+-----------+----------------------------------------------+<br />
| Categoria | Ereditato | Dettagli |<br />
+------------------------------------+-----------+----------------------------------------------+<br />
| PID | No | Nuovo PID per il figlio |<br />
| Parent PID (getppid) | No | È il PID del padre |<br />
| Segnali pendenti | No | Non copiati |<br />
| Timer, alarm | No | Azzerati |<br />
| Thread (pthread) | No | Solo il thread chiamante sopravvive |<br />
| Mutex / semafori non-shared | No | Stato indefinito se erano bloccati |<br />
| File locks fcntl() dopo exec() | No | Decadono dopo exec() |<br />
| Code di messaggi / IPC System V | No | Non duplicate |<br />
+------------------------------------+-----------+----------------------------------------------+<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
EXECVE<br />
<pre><br />
+-------------------------------------------+--------------+-------------------------------------------------------------+<br />
| Categoria | Mantenuto? | Dettagli |<br />
+-------------------------------------------+--------------+-------------------------------------------------------------+<br />
| PID | Sì | Il processo resta lo stesso, cambia solo il programma. |<br />
| PPID (Parent PID) | Sì | Rimane invariato. |<br />
| UID, GID, EUID, EGID | Sì | Mantenuti, salvo eseguibili setuid/setgid. |<br />
| File descriptor aperti | Sì/No | Mantenuti se flag FD_CLOEXEC **non** impostato. |<br />
| File offset | Sì | Conservato per i file descriptor mantenuti. |<br />
| File locks (fcntl/flock) | Parziale | Mantengono validità per i fd ancora aperti. |<br />
| Signal dispositions: ignorati | Sì | I segnali impostati su SIG_IGN restano tali. |<br />
| Signal dispositions: handler custom | No | Resettati a default (SIG_DFL). |<br />
| Signal mask / pending signals | No | Maschera resettata, pending signals persi. |<br />
| Process group e sessione | Sì | Invariati. |<br />
| Directory corrente | Sì | Non cambia. |<br />
| Root directory (chroot) | Sì | Non cambia. |<br />
| Umask | Sì | Invariato. |<br />
| Variabili d’ambiente | Da execve | Rimpiazzate dal nuovo `envp` passato alla execve. |<br />
| Argomenti (`argv`) | Da execve | Impostati dai nuovi parametri. |<br />
| Memory mappings (vecchio programma) | No | Tutto lo spazio di memoria del vecchio programma è distrutto|<br />
| Thread | No | Tutti i thread terminano, resta solo il nuovo programma. |<br />
| Pending I/O | No | Eventuali buffer non flushati nel vecchio proc. si perdono. |<br />
+-------------------------------------------+-------------+--------------------------------------------------------------+<br />
</pre></div>
Renzo